Port Swettenham

Port Swettenham ... named after Frank Swettenham on 15 September 1901
Port Klang ............. renamed since July 1972
Pelabuhan Klang ... Malay name


Before Port Swettenham existed, there were Swettenham Pier in Penang - a deep sea harbour, and another at Keppel Harbour in Singapore.

Port Swettenham was inspired by Frank Swettenham. This port was for exporting rubber to the USA, and tin to England. It was also used for picking up and sending home Hajj pilgrims, before Tabung Haji was formed and commercial flights were made available.

Port Swettenham is located about 6 kilometres (3.7 miles) southwest of the town of Klang, and 38 kilometres (24 miles) southwest of Kuala Lumpur, the country's capital.

Port Swettenham was built on a mangrove swamp and mosquitoes were a menace then. Malaria was rampant in the coastal areas and Port Swettenham, The early Malay doctors were posted to manage health at Klang, Port Swettenham, and the coastal areas. Among doctors posted to Klang, Port Swettenham, and the coastal areas included Dr Che Lah bin Md Joonos and his colleagues.

Land fill helped and malaria ceased to exist. No malaria is reported anymore. There is no malaria in Malaysia today.

The same mosquito menace is being experienced by areas with many lakes and swamps today - for example Mandurah and Serpentine Hill in Western Australia.

Port Swettenham is presently divided into 3 parts, with 3 different agencies managing each part or port - Southport (oldest), Northport and Westport. Southport is still under the Govt. Northport and Westport have been privatized.

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Map of Port Swettenham 1954. Wikipedia
Port Swettenham And Vicinity by U.S. Army Map Service 

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Port_Swettenham_And_Vicinity.jpg#/media/File:Port_Swettenham_And_Vicinity.jpg
 http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/ams/indonesia/txu-oclc-21752461-na47-8-back-b.jpg

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There are road and railway links to Port Swettenham.

Port Klang Komuter station offices" by Rifleman_82 

- Own work. Licensed under Public Domain via Commons 

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Port_Klang_Komuter_station_offices.jpg

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Klang
- terminus of Govt railway
- port town of Selangor state
- capital of Selangor state before 1880
- royal town of the Bugis rulers of the Selangor Sultanate
- Indian labourers were shipped here to work on rubber estates
- largely Indian populace

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Milestones

1880
- KL replaced Klang as the capital of Selangor
- transport between KL-Klang was by horse or buffalo wagons, or boat
- William Bloomfield Douglas was the British Resident
- Sir Frank Athelstane Swettenham described the journey as long and boring
  Suggested to add a railway line to link KL to Klang

1882
- Sir Frank Swettenham became Selangor Resident in Sept 1882
- He initiated a railway link between KL-Klang
- alleviated problems with transporting tin ore to Port Swettenham (Pelabuhan Batu)

1886
- Railway track measuring 19.5 miles between KL-Bukit Kudu was opened in Sept 1886

1890
- KL-Bukit Kudu railway track was extended by 3 miles to join to Klang

1897
- Sir Ronald Ross discovered the malarial parasite, an anophelene mosquito

Britain's Sir Ronald Ross proved in 1897 that malaria is transmitted by mosquitoes. Port Swettenham was the first colonial area to benefit from the discovery. Swamps were filled in, jungle cleared, and surface water diverted to destroy mosquito breeding grounds and combat further disruption to port operations. The threat of malaria was removed completely by the end of the exercise. Source: Wikipedia

1901
- Port Swettenham was opened on 15 Sept 1901 by Sir Frank Swettenham

1902
- the Selangor Polo Club was founded in Port Swettenham

1911
- the Selangor Polo Club moved to KL

1914
- 2 new births and other port facilities were added

1930
- Port Swettenham deep seaport was developed by the Malayan Railway
- Hajj pilgrims could leave Port Swettenahm for Penang and onward to Jeddah. East coast
  pilgrims preferred Port Swettenham rather than go down to Keppel Harbour in Singapore.

1995
- Port Klang Cruise Centre opened in December 1995 at Pulau Indah,
  next to the cargo terminals of Westport

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Scheme to Develop Port Swettenham
- full report by the Imperial Shipping Committee
- Chairman: Sir Halford Mackinder
  Secretary: R. M. Nowell
  Signatures:
  1. Sir Halford Mackinder
  2. S. J. Chapman (UK)
  3. G. H. Ferguson (Canada)
  4. Granville Ryrie (Australia)
  5. T. M. Wilford (New Zealand)
  6. H. T. Andrews (South Africa)
  7. Atul C. Chatterjee (India)
  8. G. Grindle (Colonies and Protectorates)
  9. Stanley H. Dodwell (merchant)
 10. T. Harrison Hughes (shipowner)
 11. W. L. Hichens (shipbuilder)
 12. Kenneth Lee (manufacturer)
 13. A. Shaw (shipowner)
 14. F. C. Shelmerdine (civil aviation)
- Terms of Reference: 10
- to provide additional deep water berths at Port Swettenham
- estimated cost £1,300,000
- wharfage will be 1,100 to 1,200 feet
- to provide 2 adequate berths for ocean-going vessels
- maximum capacity of the quay approximately 350,000 tons a year
- Port Swettenham harbour is completely landlocked
- minimum depth 22 feet over the bar at the southern entrance
  (the average rise of tide is 15 feet at springs
   and 9 feet at neaps)
   and 32 feet in the anchorage
TST 20Oct1931 p14

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Gene technology
- use gene editing to cure genetic defects
- use gene editing to make genetic changes spread rapidly through an entire population (gene drive)
- use gene drive to prevent mosquitoes from spreading a disease

Malaria
- malaria is a fatal disease
- it killed more than 0.5 million people in 2014

Malaria-free mosquitoes
- Nov 2015: UC San Diego (UCSD) used CRISPR to create a population of mosquitoes
  resistant to spreading malaria
- 2 weeks later: scientists in London had modified another species of mosquito
  (that caused 90% of death due to malaria) to stop it from spreading malaria

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External links
Port Swettenham http://www.rsmurthi.com/PortSwettenhamPhotos.html
Majlis Perbandaran Klang stesen keretapi port swettenham
Port Klang Railway http://www.great-railway-journeys-malaysia.com/klang.html
YouTube of Port Klang in 1960 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hu2bKFk4nIs
Port Klang in Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_Klang
7 major advancements in gene editing in 2015 by Tanya Lewis, Dec 30 2015
7 Major Gene Advancements in Gene Editing in 2015 

Haji Zainul Abidin bin Sultan Mydin (1898-1969)

Haji Zainul Abidin bin Sultan Mydin, BA, JMN, JP (1898-1969)

He was also known as:
SM Zainal Abidin
SM Zainal Abidin, BA
Zainal Abidin b. Sutan Maidin
Haji S.M. Zainul Abidin
Tuan SM Zainal Abidin
Sutan Maidin is sometimes written as Sultan Mydin in different accounts
SM Zainul Abidin is sometimes written as SM Zainal Abidin in different accounts

Born: 3 October 1898, 167 Cakela Lane (renamed Argyll Road)
Deceased: 8 December 1969
Where died? Penang
Place of burial? Penang

Family
- father: A.P. Sultan Mydin
- mother: Meeracha Ammal bt Kadir Sultan
- # of children (sibs): 7

1. Haniff bin Sultan Mydin (SM Haniff) - elder brother of SM Zainal Abidin
2. Yusof bin Sultan Mydin (SM Yusof) - office assistant, Education Office, Penang
3. Hussein bin Sultan Mydin (SM Hussein)
4. Zainul Abidin bin Sultan Mydin (SM Zainul Abidin) - he was #4 son
5. Isahak bin Sultan Mydin (SM Isahak)
6. Hajah Fatimah Bee bt Sultan Myin
7. Shaharom Bee bt Sultan Mydin (youngest sister)

Zainul Abidin’s youngest sister, Shaharom Bee married to S. Mohamed Ismail who set up Ismalia Bakery (now renamed Maliia Bakery) on Transfer Road, Penang. It is famous for roti Benggali (a misnomer for the actual roti penggalis or sharecropper's bread).

Residence
He lived 2 doors down from the Jewish Cemetery at No. 35, Jalan Zainal Abidin (formerly Jalan Yahudi).
Zainul Abidin’s home was situated just behind the present UMNO building, at the junction of Macalister Road and Jalan Zainal Abidin.
He was 31 years old when he came to live here.
He lived here from 1929 till his demise in 1969 (40 years).

Demise
Zainul Abidin passed away peacefully on 8 December 1969.
He was 71 years old.

Union
SM Zainul Abidin married Hajjah Che Wan Rashidah Merican bt Hamid Sultan Merican
(her parents are Hamid Sultan Merican and Wan Teh)

Children: 11

1. Zainal Ariffin (eldest son)
2. Zainal Amil
3. Datuk Haji Zainal Alam (5 March 1926-12 December 1991) - senior RTM broadcaster. He was better known as an entertainer, singer and stand-up comedian.
4. Wan Chik married Aziz Ibrahim
5. Datu' Haji Zainal Aziz (15 December 1928)
6. Zainal Aminuddin
7. Zainal Akbar
8. Zainal Alauddin (9 June 1932-9 May 1990) married Fatimah Sham (31 Aug 1940-14 June 2007)
9. _______ ?
10. Wan Majmin
11. Zainal Arshad (youngest son)

Zainul Abidin’s fifth son put together a book to record the family history and contributions of his late father. — ‘Pengkisahan Riwayat Hidup Haji S.M. Zainul Abidin’

Education

1. 1903 Chowrasta School, Penang
2. 1914 Penang Free School (PFS); passed Senior Cambridge in 1914 (aged 16)
3. 1915-1918 Trainee teacher at PFS
4. Zainul Abidin was head prefect for 2 years and was awarded the Medal of Merit by his principal Ralph Henry Pinhorn. 
5. In 1918, the then school head Harold Robinson Cheeseman offered him a job as a school teacher at PFS.
6. He taught geography (Ilmu Alam) and Literature (Sastera) and languages (Latin and French)
7. 1933 University of London (off campus course); obtained B.A. (Hon) London 1933
8. Zainul Abidin was the first Malay to obtain a B.A. degree (externally) from London University in 1933.

He survived 2 World Wars
WWI 1913-1918  -- he was 15-20 years old
WWII 1941-1945 -- he was 43-47 years old

Government Civil Service

During WWI:

• 1915 trainee teacher at Penang Free School
• 1917-1918 School Captain of Penang Free School
• 1918-1938 (20 years) teacher at Penang Free School; strict disciplinarian
• S.M. Zainul Abidin was one of Penang’s pioneer educationists
• Among his colleagues were Tunku Abdul Rahman, Tuanku Syed Putra Jamalullail (Raja of Perlis), Tun Dr Lim Chong Eu and Tuan Yusoff Rawa.
• He taught at the Penang Free School for 20 years before becoming headmaster of the Francis Light School in 1938.

Post-WWI:

• 1938 Headmaster of Francis Light School in Penang

During WWII:
During the Japanese occupation he was appointed as the radio station supervisor for Radio Penang.

Post-WWII:

• 1945 School Inspectorate in Prai
• Inspector of Malay Schools, Penang
• He retired as Inspector of Schools in Penang.

Retirement
He retired from the Government Civil Service as Inspector of Schools in Penang in 1953.

Political Involvement

• Penang politician 1946; 1953-1964 (11 years)
• Founder Member of UMNO Penang
• Set up UMNO Penang with a few friends
• 1946 fought against Malayan Union, but civil servants could not be involved in politics; 7 years in limbo?
• he retired in 1953 and re-joined politics
• he was active in politics and headed UMNO Penang
• he was UMNO Penang Chairman
• He won the parliamentary seat in Balik Pulau in the 1955 election (he was 57 years old). This was the first Malayan Parliamentary election.
• He was offered the post of Education Minister but he declined as he did not want to leave Penang.
• He was responsible for getting a piece of land from his good friend, the late Hamid Khan, to build the UMNO building in Penang. He managed to build the UMNO building in Macalister Road. The UMNO building is near the Jewish cemetery

Contributions to Society

1. Scout

• Scout Master
• Assistant Commissioner of Scout

2. Persaudaraan Sahabat Pena Malaya (PASPAM)

• a pen-pal club
• involved literary figures and Kaum Muda Islamic reformist leaders
• The first national conference was held at Sunlight Muslim Association, 212 Kota Road, Taiping, on 11 November 1934.
• Setiausaha Agong (General Secretary): Syed Alwi bin Syed Sheikh al-Hadi (father of Dr Syed Mohamed bin Alwi al-Hadi)
• Yang Dipertua (President): S.M. Zainul Abidin (he wrote many books, and was a close friend of Dr Che Lah bin Md Joonos, an early Malay doctor)
• Penasihat Umum (General Advisor): Sheikh Abdullah al-Maghribi al-Ghadamshi (publisher, printer, writer, educationist; born 1892, Ghadamis, Libya-died 1974, Libya; taught Arabic, Arabic literature, Fekah and Balaghah at Madrasah al-Mashoor; Headmaster of al-Mashoor (1919); taught at Madrasah Idrisiah, Perak; opened his own Madrasah al-Huda al-Diniyyah; owned a printing company, Al-Huda Press; published his writings Kitab Munir al-Ifham and Kitab Ilmu Balaghah; printed religious reading materials and newspaper, Sahabat)

3. UMNO

• member of Alliance Council
• member of the 1955 Federation Legislative Assembly
• Chairman of UMNO Penang
• MP Balik Pulau 1955
• built UMNO building in MacAlister Road, Penang

4. University of Malaya (UM)

• member of University Court for several years

5.  Department of Education, Federation of Malaya

• committee member of Razak Report and Rahman Talib Report
• He was also involved in the setting of Bahasa Baku Melayu/ Indonesia (also read about Dato' Lokman Musa in 1967-69)
• Published his book: Kitab Ilmu Bumi dikarang dan diatur oleh S.M. ZAINUL-‘ABIDIN, B.A. (LONDON),
• Ketua Guru Ilmu Bumi dan Ilmu Alam di Penang Free School (1920-1938).
• Diterbitkan dalam siri The Malay School Series, No.24,
• Publishing for The Department of Education Federation of Malaya. Dikeluarkan oleh Jabatan Pelajaran dan dicetak di Singapore oleh Malayan Publishing House, Limited, 1948.

6. Penang Malays' Co-operative Society (PMCS)

• President of the Penang Malays' Co-operative Society
• This co-operative built the first flat in Taman Abidin, Perak Road, Penang in 1973,
• 4 years after his demise.

7. Dar-Es-Salam Harmonian Party

• a musical band which he set up with his children
• headed by him

8. Penang Wireless Party

• HQ at Penang Radio Station
• He was a member and the radio announcer for the Malay section, managing the news and songs requests.

9. Penang Malay Association (PMA) or Persatuan Melayu Pulau Pinang (PEMENANG)

• History 1927:
• PMA began as an afternoon gathering at the home of a local Malay millionaire, Mohamad Ariff Tajuddin (popularly known as Mohamad Ariff) at Hutton Lane on Sunday, 27 March 1927.
• Mohamad Ariff's house was across the road from Masjid Jamek Jalan Hutton (Hutton Lane).
• The gathering was attended by Malay intellectuals and property owners.
• The members discussed the setting up of an organisation to look after the interest of the Malays in Penang, and to protect their religion under British administration.
• HQ at 60, Jalan Pemenang (formerly part of Cantonment Road)
• Tuan SM Zainul Abidin was Pengerusi Tetap Persidangan Agung UMNO Malaya when UMNO held its annual conferences at Francis Light School, Penang in 1946 and 1948.
• Tuan SM Zainal Abidin was the President of PMA between 1948 - 1951.
• Tuan SM Aidid was Economic & Treasury Officer (Pegawai Ekonomi dan Kewangan), and eventually became Treasurer (Bendahari) UMNO Malaya in 1948.
• Master Mohamed Noor Bin Mohamed was appointed as Treasurer (Bendahari) UMNO Malaya and succeeded Tuan SM Aidid in 1950.
• Master Mohamed Noor was a teacher at Penang Free School (PFS) and the elder brother of Dr Abdul Ghani bin Muhammad, an early Malay doctor.
• In the 1970's, the State Government under Dr Lim Chong Eu granted PMA a plot of land at the junction of Anson Road and Macalister Road, where Bangunan Persatuan Melayu Pulau Pinang was built. The four-storey shop lot building at 117 Jalan Macalister today houses a car showroom on the ground floor.

Merits and Awards

• He was the first Malay student with a B.A (Hon) London in 1933.
• Johan Mangku Negara (JMN)
• Justice of the Peace (JP) or Jaksa Pendamai

Interests

• Languages - he mastered and taught 7 languages: Tamil, Arabic, Malay, English, Latin, French, and Japanese. He was a multi-lingual legend.
• Recreation: tennis, billiard, chess, draught, judo, cooking, reading and traditional medicine, music.
• He was a judo instructor.
• He wrote the country’s first election song, Undilah, to encourage the people to vote in the 1955 election campaign.

Legacy

• Yahudi Road near the Jewish Cemetery was renamed Jalan Zainal Abidin (misspelling: it should be Jalan Zainul Abidin)
• SMK Haji Zainul Abidin, Scotland Road, Penang 1965 became Haji Zainul Abidin School in 1972
• Sekolah Haji Zainul Abidin, Jalan Scotland officially transferred to Sekolah Menengah Agama Lelaki Al-Mashoor in 2009
• SHZA then relocated to Jalan Hamilton, Jelutong and is known as SMKHZA (SMK Haji Zainul Abidin).

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External links:

http://www.thestar.com.my/news/community/2013/07/13/jalan-yahudi-to-jalan-zainal-abidin-the-real-zainal/

http://penangmalays.com/2015/02/18/zainul-abidin-sultan-mydin/
by Ahmad Muaz
Source: Victor J. Morais (Ed.) (1959). The Leaders of Malaya and Who’s Who 1959-1960. Singapore: Fisher

http://penangmalays.com/2015/02/18/zainul-alam-zainul-abidin/

http://penangmalays.com/2014/03/28/syeikh-abdullah-al-maghribi-al-ghadamshi/

https://faqirullah1958.wordpress.com/tag/sm-zainul-abidin/ (pic of book front cover)
by Faqirullah
Kitab Ilmu Bumi dikarang dan diatur oleh S.M. ZAINUL-‘ABIDIN, B.A. (LONDON),
Ketua Guru Ilmu Bumi dan Ilmu Alam di Penang Free School (1920-1938).
Diterbitkan dalam siri The Malay School Series, No.24,
Publishing for The Department of Education Federation of Malaya.
Dikeluarkan oleh Jabatan Pelajaran dan dicetak di Singapore oleh Malayan Publishing House Limited, 1948.

http://smkhzapenang.blogspot.com/2009/08/background-of-haji-sm-zainul-abidin.html

http://www.thestar.com.my/news/community/2013/08/24/respected-teacher-politician-and-writer-zainul-abidin-and-his-family-are-illustrious-names-in-islan/
The Star Online
Community
Saturday, 24 August 2013

http://www.geni.com/people/Datuk-Hj-Zainal-Alam-bin-S-M-Zainul-Abidin/6000000004844445413